1 2 pentanediol in skin care

01 1, 2-pentanediol introduction
1, 2-pentanediol, chemical formula C5H12O2, is a diol with refreshing and excellent antibacterial properties, and alkanediol, a polyol with high antibacterial properties. It is an important intermediate of bactericide propiconazole and a key raw material for the synthesis of bactericide propiconazole.
1,2 pentadiol is a multi-functional, high stability, widely used in cosmetics raw material ingredients, the main role in cosmetics is moisturizer, antibacterial agent, solvent, emollient, used in skin care lotion, skin care cream, eye cream, moisturizer, shampoo and other products, but also the production of polyester fiber, surfactants, medicine and other important raw materials. It has no odor, high safety and good skin feeling, especially suitable for sensitive skin.
Moisturizing:
1,2 pentadiol is an excellent humectant with very high moisture absorption and water retention, so it is commonly used as a humectant in cosmetics.
Because pentadiol has a certain hygroscopic property, it can absorb moisture in the air, thus playing a moisturizing effect. The use of skin care products containing 1,2 pentanediol can reduce skin water loss, increase skin water content, improve dry skin (especially suitable for dry or sensitive skin), relieve skin peeling, peeling, and improve the water resistance of sunscreen products.
Antibacterial:
1,2 pentanediol has strong antibacterial activity and can effectively inhibit Gram-negative bacteria, positive bacteria, yeast and mold.
1,2 pentodiol has strong antibacterial activity, and the MIC concentration of 1,2 pentodiol is significantly lower than that of other kinds of alcohol by AGAR dilution test, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of antibacterial ingredients to inhibit microbial growth.
1, 2-pentanediol can be added to the bactericide propionazole, which can be applied to the skin after being made into a cream, which can play a certain antibacterial effect and help to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
The formulation of 1, 2-pentanediol is highly flexible and is not affected by hydrolysis, temperature and pH, and is widely used in no-wash and rinse products. It plays an antibacterial role in the “preservative-free” claimed products and has a synergistic effect with traditional preservatives. While reducing the amount of preservatives, strengthen the performance of the anti-corrosion system and effectively reduce the irritation of the product. As a synergist for the anti-corrosion system, it is recommended to add 0.8~4.0%.
In addition to the above two core functions and effects of moisturizing and antibacterial, 1,2 pentanediol also has the ability to improve the protection of products, such as the protection of emulsifiers, the protection of high SPF sunscreen milk, the protection of hydrogels and other products; Achieve excellent skin feel: good compatibility with the skin, moisturizing, lightweight, providing a velvety touch; Dispersion powder: improve the overall color of the foundation gloss and uniformity; Reduce surface tension: help emulsification, improve the appearance of the formula; The particle size of droplets in the emulsion: the particle size distribution of droplets in the emulsion has a very important influence on the stability of the emulsion. 1,2 pentanediol can enhance the stability of the emulsion and increase the aesthetics of the formula. Improve the efficacy of active substance.
In particular, 1, 2-pentanediol is mild and non-irritating, a star ingredient of the Green Revolution that has been used safely for decades; In addition, the compatibility of 1, 2-pentanediol is very good, can be added to the oil phase, can improve the water resistance of the sunscreen product formula; Soluble in water, easily dissolved in ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and other polyols.
Preparation and production of 02, 2-pentanediol
By product category, 1, 2-pentanediol industry can be subdivided into cosmetic grade, industrial grade; Classified by end-use applications, 1, 2-pentanediol can be used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and other fields.
1, 2-pentanediol is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in medicine, cosmetics, pesticides, fragrances, dyes, plastics and lubricants. 1, 2-pentanediol can be obtained by a variety of synthetic methods, the following are three common ways to make 1, 2-pentanediol:

1, aldehyde condensation method

Aldoacetal process is a common method for the manufacture of 1, 2-pentanediol. The method takes acetaldehyde and acetone as raw materials, and under the action of acid catalyst, aldol condensation reaction occurs to produce 3-hydroxy-2-butanone. Then, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone is reduced to 1, 2-pentanediol by hydrogenation reduction reaction.

2, acetylenic aldehyde method Acetylenic aldehyde method

It is a method of synthesizing 1, 2-pentanediol by acetylenic aldehyde compound. The method takes acetylene and formaldehyde as raw materials, under the action of basic catalyst, acetylene aldehyde addition reaction occurs to produce 1, 4-butynediol. Then, 1, 4-butynediol is reduced to 1, 2-pentadiol by hydrogenation reduction.

3, dimethyl carbonate method

The dimethyl carbonate process is a method to synthesize 1, 2-pentanediol from dimethyl carbonate. Using dimethyl carbonate and ethylene as raw materials, transesterification reaction occurs under the action of catalyst to produce 1, 2-propylene glycol and methanol. Then, 1, 2-propylene glycol is added to hydrogen and carbon dioxide to form 1, 2-pentanediol.

The above only provides three common methods for the manufacture of 1, 2-pentanediol, and the specific production process needs to be selected and optimized according to the actual situation.

The production process of 1, 2-pentanediol is complex and the equipment is seriously corroded. The main production enterprises are BASF, Evonik, LANXESS and other enterprises. Domestic production of 1, 2-pentanediol enterprises are few, especially the production of large enterprises almost no, which makes the domestic must rely on imports to meet the demand, especially in the field of personal care products, 1, 2-pentanediol products almost all rely on imports, the price is expensive.
03 Competition in 1, 2-pentanediol industry is upgraded

As the green no-add in the field of cosmetics is more and more recognized by consumers, 1,2 pentadiol has become a mainstream product in the field of no-add fungicides, which was previously only used for 12 pentadiol products in high-end cosmetics systems, and the use of 12 pentadiol products has gradually expanded, and the consumption has grown rapidly, and the current use of about 600 tons in the field of cosmetics.

Data show that in 2022, the global 1, 2-pentanediol market capacity is 1.013 billion yuan, of which the Chinese market capacity is 306 million yuan. It is expected to reach 1.367 billion yuan in 2028, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.13%.

Earlier, 1, 2-pentanediol was almost monopolized by multinational companies at home and abroad, and Chinese enterprises had no “right to speak” and “pricing power”. According to the “2023-2027 1,2 pentadiol Industry In-depth Market Research and Investment Strategy Recommendation Report” of Xinsiji, before 2021, 1,2 pentadiol, as a niche chemical, has a low market prosperity and relatively stable price fluctuations; By the end of 2021-2022, affected by global inflation, rising commodity prices, Russia-Ukraine conflict, European energy crisis and retaliatory consumer demand after the relaxation of epidemic prevention and control measures in major economies around the world, 1,2 pentanediol market appeared a situation of volume and price rising, and the price of 1,2 pentanediol increased from about 60,000 yuan/ton to about 100,000 yuan/ton. And maintain the level of 100,000 yuan/ton until 2022.

In recent years, with the development of domestic chemical technology, China has gradually broken through the related production technology of 1,2 pentadiol and raw material n-pentene, and even developed a production process of 1,2 pentadiol that does not use n-pentene as raw material, which has promoted the industrialization development of China’s 1,2 pentadiol industry.

In 2023, the market demand for 1,2 pentadiol and product prices continued to fall, and fell to about 63,000 / ton in mid-April 2023, and the industry rapidly turned from short supply to excess capacity.

According to reports, the chemical synthesis of 1, 2-pentadiol in the reaction process will have 1, 2-epoxy pentane, peroxide and other substances generated and residual, will stimulate the skin, and then lead to skin allergies and other problems; Natural pentadiol uses corn cob/bagasse as raw materials after processing, refining and purification, higher purity, basically tasteless, more gentle and safe for the skin, more and more sought after by the cosmetic field.

04 The moisturizer industry is highly competitive

Humectants are widely used in the cosmetic, personal care and pharmaceutical industries to retain moisture and resist dryness in the skin. Data show that in 2022, the global moisturizer market size reached 121.53 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2%.

For normal skin barrier function, moisturizing is not only an important part of maintaining skin physiological function, delaying skin aging, but also preventing and treating skin diseases. Moisturizing is both basic and important. Therefore, moisturizers play a vital role in the formulation of cosmetics.

Humectants can be divided into four categories according to the mechanism of their action: small molecular humectants, high molecular humectants, enclosed oils, and new high-efficiency humectants. On the market, a variety of humectants more and more, each enterprise (brand) products, according to their product positioning, target consumer groups and costs, market retail prices, scientific and reasonable choice of use of humectants.

In general, polyols are the most common moisturizers, such as glycerin, propylene glycol, butanediol, 1, 2-pentanediol, sorbitol, etc. Among them, glycerin is a very large and very common moisturizer in cosmetics, and its price is low and it is very safe to use. However, glycerin is an ingredient that easily causes allergic reactions and is not suitable for sensitive muscles.

In particular, it is worth mentioning that the polymer humectant – hyaluronic acid (hyaluronic acid) has a strong market competitiveness and market driving force because of fermentation technology and industrialization. Hyaluronic acid is a strong competitor to 1, 2-pentanediol. Of course, in many skin care products, they are used in combination to produce a synergistic effect and improve the moisturizing effect, such as Huayi Bio-Run Baiyan Night Crystal Transparent liquid, there are 1, 2-pentanediol, glycerin, hyaluronic acid and other moisturizing ingredients “mixed” together.

With the expansion of Chinese enterprises’ production capacity and the improvement of technological processes, the production cost of 1,2 pentadiol in China will surely be further reduced, and the market price of raw materials will surely be “close to the people”. By then, 1, 2-pentanediol, a green revolution star product and all-around player that integrates moisturizing, antibacterial, solubilizing and moisturizing, will shine.

Small molecule moisturizer — 1, 2-pentanediol is expensive, but with its excellent moisturizing and moisturizing properties, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and anti-corrosion effect, coupled with the advantages of high purity, colorless, odorless, and no irritating impurities, it is often added to skin care products, especially suitable for sensitive skin, infants and other delicate skin, as well as aging and dry skin care. Can also be used for hair care.